2 lb pound copper sulfate pentahydrate crystals best

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2 lb pound copper sulfate pentahydrate crystals best

Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate CuSO4 CAS : 7758-98-7
FOR ALGAE CONTROL Begin continuous addition application of granular Copper Sulfate when water is first turned into the system and continue throughout the irrigation system, applying 0.1 to 0.2 lbs per cubic ft per second per day.
FOR LEAFY AND SAGO POND WEED CONTROL Use the same continuous feeder, applying 1.6 to 2.4 pounds Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate per cubic foot per second per day. NOTE: For best control of leafy and sago pond weed, it is essential to begin Copper Sulfate additions when water is first turned into the system or ditch to be treated and to continue throughout the irrigation system. Copper Sulfate becomes less effective as the alkalinity increases. Its effectiveness is significantly reduced when the bicarbonate alkalinity exceeds 150 ppm. Should Copper Sulfate fail to control pond weeds satisfactorily, it may be necessary to treat the ditch with either a suitable approved herbicide or use a mechanical means to remove excess growth. In either case, resume Copper Sulfate addition as soon as possible.
TO CONTROL ALGAE IN IMPOUNDED WATERS, LAKES, PONDS AND RESERVOIRS: There are several methods by which to apply Copper Sulfate to impounded water. Probably the most satisfactory and simplest method is to dissolve the Copper Sulfate crystals in water and to spray this water over the body of water from a boat. A small pump mounted in the boat can easily be used for this purpose. Fine crystals may be broadcast directly on the water surface from a properly equipped boat. A specially equipped air blower can be used to discharge fine crystals at a specific rate over the surface of the water. When using this method, the direction of the wind is an important factor. Do not use this method unless completely familiar with this type of application. Where the situation permits, Copper Sulfate may be applied under the water by dragging burlap bags containing Copper Sulfate. The crystals are placed in burlap bags and dragged through the water by means of a boat. Begin treatment along the shoreline and proceed outward until one-third to one-half of the total area has been treated. Care should be taken that the course of the boat is such as to cause even distribution of the chemical. In large lakes, it is customary for the boat to travel in parallel lines about 20 to 100 feet apart. Continue
dragging the burlap bags over the treated area until the minimum dosage is achieved and all crystals have been dissolved. Large or medium size crystals that dissolve slowly should be used with this method.
Copper Sulfate can be applied to impounded waters by injecting a copper sulfate solution in water via a piping system.
CONTROL OF ALGAE AND BACTERIAL ODOR IN SEWAGE LAGOONS AND PITS (Except California):
Application rates may vary depending on amounts of organic matter in effluent stream or retention ponds. Use 2 lbs. of Copper Sulfate Crystals in 60,000 gals. (8,000 cu. ft.) of effluent to yield 1 ppm of dissolved copper. Dosage levels may vary depending upon organic load. Other Organic Sludges: Copper Sulfate Crystal solution must be thoroughly mixed with sludge. Dissolve 2 lbs. in 1-2 gals. of water and apply to each 30,000 gals. of sludge. Useful formulas for calculating water volume flow rates: Multiply the water volume in cu. ft. times 7.5 to obtain gallons. Note: 1 C.F.S./Hr. = 27,000 Gals. 1 Acre Foot = 326,000 Gals
Water hardness, temperature of the water, the type and amount of vegetation to be controlled, and the amount of water flow are to be considered in using Copper Sulfate to control algae. Begin treatment soon after plant growth has started. If treatment is delayed until a large amount of algae is present, larger quantities of Copper Sulfate will be required. Algal growth is difficult to control with Copper Sulfate when water temperatures are low or when the water conditions are hard water. Larger quantities of Copper Sulfate will be required to kill and control algae in water which is flowing than in a body of stagnant water. If possible, curtail the flow of water before treatment and hold dormant for approximately three days after treatment or until the algae have begun to die. When preparing a Copper Sulfate solution in water, the mixing container should be made of plastic or glass: or, a painted, enameled, or copper lined metal container. It is usually best to treat algae on a sunny day when the heavy mats of filamentous algae are most likely to be floating on the surface where it can be sprayed directly. If there is some doubt about the concentration to apply, it is generally best to start with a lower concentration and to increase this concentration until the algae are killed. Treatment of algae can result in oxygen loss from decomposition of dead algae. This loss can cause fish suffocation. Therefore, to minimize this hazard, treat one-third to one-half of the water area in a single operation and wait 10 to 14 days in between treatments. Begin treatments along the shore and proceed outward in bands to allow fish to move into untreated water. NOTE: If treated water is to be used as a source of potable water, the metallic copper residual must not exceed 1 ppm (4 ppm copper sulfate pentahydrate).
CALCULATIONS FOR THE AMOUNT OF WATER IMPOUNDED AND FOR THE AMOUNT OF COPPER SULFATE TO BE USED: Calculate water volume as follows: (1) Obtain surface area by measuring of regular shaped ponds or mapping of irregular ponds or by reference to previously recorded engineering data or maps. (2) Calculate average depth by sounding in a regular pattern and taking the mean of these readings or by reference to previously obtained data. (3) Multiply surface area in feet by average depth in feet to obtain cubic feet of water volume. (4) Multiply surface area in acres by average depth in feet to obtain total acre-feet of water volume.
CALCULATE WEIGHT OF WATER TO BE TREATED AS FOLLOWS: (1) Multiply volume in cubic feet by 62.44 to obtain total pounds of water, or (2) Multiply volume in acre feet by 2,720,000 to obtain pounds of water.
CALCULATIONS OF ACTIVE INGREDIENT TO BE ADDED: To calculate the amount of Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate needed to achieve the recommended concentration, multiply the weight of water by the recommended concentration of Copper Sulfate. Since recommended concentrations are normally given in parts per million (ppm), it will first be necessary to convert the value in parts per million to a decimal equivalent. For example, 2 ppm is the same as 0.000002 when used in this calculation. Therefore, to calculate the amount of Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate to treat 1 acre-foot of water with 2 ppm Copper Sulfate, the calculation would be as follows:
0.000002 X 2,720,000 = 5.44 lbs. Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate
CALCULATION OF WATER FLOW IN DITCHES, STREAMS, AND IRRIGATION SYSTEMS: The amount of water flow in cubic feet per second is found by means of a weir or other measuring device.
SEWER TREATMENT ROOT DESTROYER*
ROOT CONTROL GENERAL INFORMATION: Plant roots can penetrate through small cracks and poorly sealed joints of sewer lines. If not controlled, these small roots will continue to grow larger in number causing breakage, reduced flow, and eventually, flow stoppage. Copper sulfate has been known to be an effective means to control roots in residential and commercial sewers.
COMMERCIAL, INSTITUTIONAL, AND MUNICIPAL SEWERS:
ROOT CONTROL IN SEWERS: As a preventive measure, apply into each junction or terminal manhole 2 pounds of
Copper Sulfate Crystals every 6 to 12 months. At time of reduced flow (some water flow is essential), add copper sulfate. If flow has not completely stopped, but has a reduced flow due to root masses, add Copper Sulfate Crystals in the next manhole above the reduced flow area. For complete stoppage, penetrate the mass with a rod to enable some flow before treatment.
ROOT CONTROL IN STORM DRAINS: Apply when water flow is light. If no water flow, as in dry weather, use a hose to produce a flow. Apply 2 pounds Copper Sulfate Crystals per drain per year. It may be necessary to repeat treatments 3 to 4 times, at 2 week intervals, if drains become nearly plugged.
SEWER PUMPS AND FORCE MAINS: At the storage well inlet, place a cloth bag containing 2 pounds of Copper Sulfate Crystals. Repeat as necessary.
RESIDENTIAL OR HOUSEHOLD SEWER SYSTEMS:
When a reduced water flow is first noticed, and root growth is thought to be the cause, treat with Copper Sulfate Crystals.
It is important not to wait until a stoppage occurs because some water flow is necessary to move the Copper Sulfate Crystals to the area of root growth. Usually, within 3 to 4 weeks, after roots have accumulated sufficient copper sulfate, the roots will die and begin to decay and water flow should increase. As the roots regrow, follow-up treatments with copper sulfate will be required. Applications may be made each year in the spring after plant growth begins, during late summer or early fall, or any time a reduced water flow, thought to be caused by root growth, occurs.
Apply 2-6 pounds Copper Sulfate Crystals two times a year to household sewers. Add Copper Sulfate Crystals to sewer line by pouring about pound increments into the toilet bowl nearest the sewer line and flush, repeat this process until recommended dose has been added, or remove cleanout plug and pour entire recommended quantity directly into the sewer line. Replace the plug and flush the toilet several times.
ROOT CONTROL IN SEPTIC TANK AND LEACH LINES AND LEACH LINE PIPES:
SEPTIC TANKS The majority of the copper sulfate will settle in the septic tank itself and little will pass into the leach lines. To treat leach line pipes, add 2 to 6 pounds of Copper Sulfate Crystals to the distribution box located between the septic tank and the leach lines. To achieve effective root control in the leach lines it is necessary to transfer Copper Sulfate Crystals from the septic tank to the leach lines. A cleanout plug opening may need to be installed if the
distribution box does not have an opening leading to the leach lines.
*NOTE: Do not apply Copper Sulfate Crystals through sink or tub drains as it will corrode the metal drains.
*NOTE: Copper sulfate added to an active 300 gallon septic tank at 2, 4 and 6 pounds per treatment will temporarilyreduce bacterial action, but it will return to normal approximately 15 days after treatment. Trees and shrubbery growing near a treated line normally are not affected due to only a small portion of their roots being in contact with the copper sulfate. The copper sulfate kills only those roots inside the leach line.